What is HIV?

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. If left untreated, this virus weakens the immune system by attacking cells that help the body fight off infections and diseases. Although there is no cure or vaccine for HIV, early diagnosis allows it to be treated and managed effectively. Antiretroviral (ART) medication can control the virus, enabling individuals to live long and healthy lives. Starting treatment early can bring the virus under control within a few months, preventing transmission through sexual contact.

How is HIV transmitted?

HIV is present in blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. The most common ways of transmitting HIV are through unprotected sex (including oral, vaginal, and anal sex) and sharing injecting equipment. It can also be passed to a child during pregnancy or birth. The virus can only be transmitted if the person living with HIV has a detectable viral load, meaning the levels of HIV in their blood are high enough to cause transmission. However, someone with diagnosed HIV who is taking effective medication can reach an undetectable viral load. This means the levels of HIV are so low that they cannot pass the virus to HIV-negative individuals. HIV cannot pass through unbroken skin and is not transmitted through casual social contact.

Are there any symptoms of HIV?

The symptoms of a recent HIV infection can vary greatly from person to person, and some people may not experience any symptoms at all. About one to four weeks after becoming infected, some individuals might have flu-like symptoms. These can last up to two weeks and may include fever, body rash, sore throat, swollen glands, headache, or fatigue. However, some people may not experience any symptoms at all.

How will HIV effect my health?

While complications from HIV infection are possible, current treatments and medications offer people with HIV a positive prognosis and a normal life span. Individuals living with HIV are now susceptible to the same health conditions as the general population as they age. Therefore, it’s important to maintain good health throughout your life.

Can people living with HIV have relationships with people who are HIV negative? 

There is no reason why an HIV positive person and an HIV negative person can’t enjoy a relationship together, and many do. HIV treatment is now so effective, most people living with HIV in the UK have an undetectable viral load and cannot pass on HIV during sex, even when not using condoms. If someone living with HIV has a detectable viral load, they can use condoms or their partner can take PrEP to prevent HIV transmission. Both HIV negative and HIV positive people should also consider using condoms and undergo regular sexual health checks, particularly when embarking on new relationships, to protect against other STIs.

FAQ:

I have missed my appointment and I am running out of my medication, what should I do?

If you run out of medication, contact the clinic immediately. While it’s crucial to ensure you have a continuous supply of your medication, we understand that unforeseen situations can occur. It’s your responsibility to keep your appointments and maintain your medication supply. If you frequently miss appointments or run out of medication, we may struggle to provide you with emergency supplies. The easiest and quickest way for an emergency prescription is for you to contact our service for a written prescription which you can take up to Salford Royal pharmacy out patients

What if I can’t come to my appointment?

Please inform us if you cannot attend your appointment by calling us on 0161 529 6892 or emailing Salfordshine@boltonft.nhs.uk. If you are on medication, check how much you have left so we can determine the best time to reschedule your visit.

I need a sexual health screen or I am worried I might have an STI.

An asymptomatic sexual health screen can be arranged with Salford’s sexual health team on the day of your bloods appointment, but you will have to wait until they are available to see you. If the service is busy they may have to rebook you at another convenient time.  Any other time you have to create a personal health record ‘’PHR’’ and once you have registered you can access appointments. Appointments are released twice a day at 8:30am and 12pm Monday to Friday. To widen your availability for appointments, you can choose any of the clinics within the Northern Care. These appointments will be for the following working day.

Do I need a GP?

It’s highly recommended to have a GP, as they can address various health concerns more effectively than we can. GPs are crucial for managing conditions like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes. Inform your GP about your HIV status and allow us to update them on your condition to ensure coordinated care, especially if you are on HIV medication that might interact with other drugs.

I want to travel. Can I take my medication with me?

Many people with HIV travel while on medication. We recommend bringing your medication and some extra supplies in case of delays. We can provide a “letter for travel” indicating that the medication is for your personal use without mentioning HIV. If you require this letter than please contact us at Salfordshine@boltonft.nhs.uk

I am having side effects from my drugs. What should I do?

Do not stop your medication without consulting us first. If you are experiencing severe side effects, contact us for assistance. If you recently started a new medication and have developed a skin rash, come in to see us as soon as possible.

We would like to have a baby. Will that be possible?

Having a baby is possible if you or your partner is HIV positive. Discuss your plans with your nurse and doctor at the clinic. We can provide guidance based on whether both partners, only the man, or only the woman is HIV positive. If you are an HIV-positive woman on medication and wish to get pregnant, please inform us as some medications should be avoided.

I think I am pregnant. What should I do?

Take a pregnancy test. If you are on HIV medication and find out you are pregnant, contact us immediately.

I have a detectable viral load and I have had Unprotected Sex Intercourse (UPSI) with someone who has an unknown HIV status, what should I do?

If it’s been less than 72 hours since the UPSI/condom broke, they may be able to take medication called post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent HIV infection. This medication is classed as an emergency, so you should walk into your local sexual health clinic for an assessment or you can access PEP at you’re A&E if it is the weekend and you have to wait until Monday morning which takes you over the 72 hour mark. If 72 hours have passed, PEP will not be effective, and you will need to explore HIV testing options.